Presence
| Recorded on | Aruba |
| Presence status | Indigenous (1) - Aruba |
| Distribution description | Native to southern America and northern America. |
Publications
- Proosdij, A.S.J. van 2012. Arnoldo's Zakflora: Wat in het wild groeit en bloeit op Aruba, Bonaire en Curaçao. 318 pp. Walburg Pers, Zutphen.
- Stoffers, A.L. 1982. Loganiaceae. Flora of the Netherlands Antilles 2: 296-298.
- WCSP 2017. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. [link]