Literature

• Alcántara Rodríguez, M. 2016. African origin of Papiamentu plant names. 33pp. Utrecht University.
• Amelunxen, C.P. 1931. De cactusflora van Curaçao. 24. J.W.F. Sluijter.
• CITES 2015. Checklist of CITES Species. UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre. [link]
• Freitas, J.A. de, Nijhof, B.S.J., Rojer, A.C., Debrot, A.O. 2005. Landscape ecological vegetation map of the island of bonaire (southern caribbean). 64. Caribbean Research and Management of Biodiversity Foundation, Curaçao Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, the Netherlands.
• Howard, R.A. 1989. Dicotyledoneae - Part 2. In: Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Leeward and Windward Islands. 5: 604. Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University, Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts.
• MacRae, D.M. & De Meyer, K. 2020. Dutch Caribbean conservation species list. Using management effectiveness to strengthen species conservation in the Caribbean.
• Proosdij, A.S.J. van 2012. Arnoldo's Zakflora: Wat in het wild groeit en bloeit op Aruba, Bonaire en Curaçao. 318 pp. Walburg Pers, Zutphen.
• Stoffers, A.L. 1984. Cactaceae. Flora of the Netherlands Antilles 3: 143-158.
• The Plant List 2013. The Plant List version 1.1. [link]
• WCSP 2017. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. [link]

Literature references linked to higher taxa

• Encyclopedia of Life. [link] (Cactaceae)
• Buurt, G. van 2014. Caquetío Indians on Curaçao during colonial times and Caquetío words in the Papiamentu language. Some names of Animals and Plants in Papiamentu. 93pp. Fundashon pa Planifikashon di Idioma & University of Curaçao. (Opuntia)