Literature
- Alcántara Rodríguez, M. 2016. African origin of Papiamentu plant names. 33pp. Utrecht University.
- CITES 2015. Checklist of CITES Species. UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre. [link]
- MacRae, D.M. & De Meyer, K. 2020. Dutch Caribbean conservation species list. Using management effectiveness to strengthen species conservation in the Caribbean.
- Proosdij, A.S.J. van 2012. Arnoldo's Zakflora: Wat in het wild groeit en bloeit op Aruba, Bonaire en Curaçao. 318 pp. Walburg Pers, Zutphen.
- Stoffers, A.L. 1984. Cactaceae. Flora of the Netherlands Antilles 3: 143-158.
- The Plant List 2013. The Plant List version 1.1. [link]
- WCSP 2017. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. [link]