Literature
- Humann, P. 1992. Reef Creature Identification. New World Publications.
- Schrieken, N. 2016. Tunicates of St. Eustatius. In: Marine biodiversity survey of St. Eustatius, Dutch Caribbean, 2015. 56-59. Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, and ANEMOON Foundation, Bennebroek.
- WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. www.marinespecies.org. [link]
Literature references linked to higher taxa
- Voss, G.L. 1976. Seashore Life of Florida and the Caribbean. 167. E.A. Seemann Publishing, Inc.. (Ascidiacea)